Subject expectancy and environmental factors
as determinants of psychedelic flashback experiences
by
Heaton RK
J Nerv Ment Dis 1975 Sep; 161(3):157-65

ABSTRACT

This study assessed the roles of expectancy and autonomic arousal in inducing psychedelic flashbacks under conditions of mild sensory deprivation. Subjects with and without previous flashbacks participated. During the first experimental session, subjects were given a drug which they were told would induce flashbacks, and during the second, a drug which was alleged to induce only autonomic arousal. Ephedrine sulfate (causing autonomic changes) or placebo actually was given in counterbalanced order. Subjects of both groups experienced many more psychedelic sensations when they expected flashbacks. Drug effect was nonsignificant. These findings support the view that flashbacks are not "caused" by psychedelic drugs, but by the tendency of some drug users to mislabel and selectively attend to relevant aspects of naturally occurring altered states of consciousness.

LSD
Lisuride
Serotonin
Mescaline
Psilocybin
Flashbacks
Psychedelics
Cannabinoids
LSD and serotonin
LSD (from PiHKAL)
Lysergamides and dopamine
LSD, mysticism and serotonin
Nexus, cathinone, BDB, and MDA
Hofmann's LSD: My Problem Child
Clonazepam (Klonopin) for LSD-induced HPPD

Refs
and further reading

HOME
HedWeb
Nootropics
cocaine.wiki
Future Opioids
BLTC Research
MDMA/Ecstasy
Superhapiness?
Utopian Surgery?
The Abolitionist Project
The Hedonistic Imperative
The Reproductive Revolution
Critique of Huxley's Brave New World

The Good Drug Guide
The Responsible Parent's Guide
To Healthy Mood Boosters For All The Family