Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
of buspirone, an anxiolytic drug
by
Mahmood I, Sahajwalla C
Division of Pharmaceutical Evaluation I,
Food and Drug Administration,
Rockville, Maryland, USA.
Mahmoodi@CDER.FDA.GOV
Clin Pharmacokinet 1999 Apr; 36(4):277-87

ABSTRACT

Buspirone is an anxiolytic drug given at a dosage of 15 mg/day. The mechanism of action of the drug is not well characterised, but it may exert its effect by acting on the dopaminergic system in the central nervous system or by binding to serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) receptors. Following a oral dose of buspirone 20 mg, the drug is rapidly absorbed. The mean peak plasma concentration (Cmax) is approximately 2.5 micrograms/L, and the time to reach the peak is under 1 hour. The absolute bioavailability of buspirone is approximately 4%. Buspirone is extensively metabolised. One of the major metabolites of buspirone is 1-pyrimidinylpiperazine (1-PP), which may contribute to the pharmacological activity of buspirone. Buspirone has a volume of distribution of 5.3 L/kg, a systemic clearance of about 1.7 L/h/kg, an elimination half-life of about 2.5 hours and the pharmacokinetics are linear over the dose range 10 to 40 mg. After multiple-dose administration of buspirone 10 mg/day for 9 days, there was no accumulation of either parent compound or metabolite (1-PP). Administration with food increased the Cmax and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of buspirone 2-fold. After a single 20 mg dose, the Cmax and AUC increased 2-fold in patients with renal impairment as compared with healthy volunteers. The Cmax and AUC were 15-fold higher for the same dose in patients with hepatic impairment compared with healthy individuals. The half-life of buspirone in patients with hepatic impairment was twice that in healthy individuals. The pharmacokinetics of buspirone were not affected by age or gender. Coadministration of buspirone with verapamil, diltiazem, erythromycin and itraconazole substantially increased the plasma concentration of buspirone, whereas cimetidine and alprazolam had negligible effects. Rifampicin (rifampin) decreased the plasma concentrations of buspirone almost 10-fold.

1-PP
5-HT1a
Gepirone
Serotonin
Alprazolam
Alnesprirone
Azapirones for GAD
Buspirone + pindolol
Citalopram plus buspirone
Buspirone (Buspar) : structure
Buspirone and 5-HT1a receptors
Buspirone for heroin and methadone addicts
Buspirone, dopamine and serotonin in the striatum
Buspirone (Buspar): prescribing information (PDF)
Buspirone (Buspar) extended- v immediate-release

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