Testosterone and men's depression:
the role of social behavior

by
Booth A, Johnson DR, Granger DA
Department of Sociology,
Pennsylvania State University,
University Park 16802, USA.
axb24@psu.edu
J Health Soc Behav 1999 Jun; 40(2):130-40


ABSTRACT

Medical research suggests that testosterone has positive effects on mood (thereby reducing the chances of depression), and social science research finds testosterone to be related to antisocial behavior, risk behavior, unemployment and low paying jobs, and being unmarried--factors known to be positively related to depression. Analysis of a sample of 4,393 men finds a parabolic model best fits the data. The relationship between testosterone and depression is inverse for men with below average testosterone and direct for those with above average testosterone. The relationship disappears for those with above average testosterone when controls for antisocial and risk behaviors and the absence of protective factors such as marriage and steady employment are in the equation. The relationship is unchanged for those with below average testosterone. The results help explain the difference between medical and social research findings. Mechanisms accounting for the findings are explored.


Viagra
Intrinsa
Yohimbine
Amineptine
Phentolamine
SSRIs and sex
Oxymetholone
The Andropause
Growth hormone
Anabolic steroids
The male menopause
Testosterone and sex
Testosterone and mood
Testosterone: structure
Testosterone withdrawal
Are androgens enjoyable?
Testosterone and dopamine
Androgens and antiandrogens
Testosterone transdermal gel as an antidepressant
High testosterone people feel rewarded by others' anger


Refs
and further reading

HOME
HedWeb
Nootropics
cocaine.wiki
Future Opioids
BLTC Research
MDMA/Ecstasy
Superhapiness?
Utopian Surgery?
The Abolitionist Project
The Hedonistic Imperative
The Reproductive Revolution
Critique of Huxley's Brave New World

The Good Drug Guide
The Good Drug Guide

The Responsible Parent's Guide
To Healthy Mood Boosters For All The Family